Second conjugation in Italian (verbs ending in -ere)
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In Italian all verbs that belong to the second conjugation end in -ere.
Some regular verbs in Italian that belong to this conjugation are credere (to believe), ricevere (to receive), vendere (to sell), temere (to fear), battere (to beat).
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Despite being regular verbs, of the second conjugation have peculiarities.
Here are the main characteristics:
Some verbs of the second conjugation have two conjugations for the 1st and 3rd person singular and the 3rd person plural of the indicativo passato remoto:
1st model | 2nd model | |
---|---|---|
Io | temei | temetti |
Tu | temesti | temesti |
Egli/Ella | temé | temette |
Noi | tememmo | tememmo |
Voi | temeste | temeste |
Essi/Esse | temerono | temettero |
Both these conjugations are correct and can be used regardless of the verb. Despite this, keep in mind that with verbs whose root ends with -t, it is better to use the first model of conjugation.
Example: It is better to say io battei than io battetti.
Some verbs add the diphthong "uo" to their conjugation when the syllable is tonic (the accent falls on the syllable), while when the syllable is not tonic we can have both the form with "ou" or "o".
Example:
Io | muovo |
---|---|
Tu | muovi |
Egli/Ella | muove |
Noi | muoviamo/moviamo |
Voi | muovete/movete |
Essi/Esse | muovono |
Some verbs such as possedere (to own) or tenere (to keep) add the diphthong "ie" to their conjugation when the syllable is tonic and when it ends with a vowel.
Example:
Io | possiedo | tengo |
---|---|---|
Tu | possiedi | tieni |
Egli/Ella | possiede | tiene |
Noi | possediamo | teniamo |
Voi | possedete | tenete |
Essi/Esse | possiedono | tengono |
Verbs that end in -gnere can either maintain the "i" of the endings -iamo and -iate of the indicativo and congiuntivo presente or they can be written without the "i".
Example: noi spegniamo and noi spegnamo are both correct.
che voi spegniate or che voi spegnate are both correct.
Despite both forms being correct, it is probably better to use the one that maintains the "i" because in so doing the ending is not altered.
Here is the conjugation for regular verbs of the second conjugation.
Example temere (to fear)
Presente | Passato prossimo | Imperfetto | Trapassato prossimo | Passato remoto | Trapassato remoto | Futuro semplice | Futuro anteriore | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Io | temo | ho temuto | temevo | avevo temuto | temei/temetti | ebbi temuto | temerò | avrò temuto |
Tu | temi | hai temuto | temevi | avevi temuto | temesti | avesti temuto | temerai | avrai temuto |
Egli/Ella | teme | ha temuto | temeva | aveva temuto | temé/temette | ebbe temuto | temerà | avrà temuto |
Noi | temiamo | abbiamo temuto | temevamo | avevamo temuto | tememmo | avemmo temuto | temeremo | avremo temuto |
Voi | temete | avete temuto | temevate | avevate temuto | temeste | aveste temuto | temerete | avrete temuto |
Essi/Esse | temono | hanno temuto | temevano | avevano temuto | temerono/temettero | ebbero temuto | temeranno | avranno temuto |
Presente | Passato | Imperfetto | Trapassato | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Che) io | tema | abbia temuto | temessi | avessi temuto |
(Che) tu | tema | abbia temuto | temessi | avessi temuto |
(Che) egli/ella | tema | abbia temuto | temesse | avesse temuto |
(Che) noi | temiamo | abbiamo temuto | temessimo | avessimo temuto |
(Che) voi | temiate | abbiate temuto | temeste | aveste temuto |
(Che) essi/esse | temano | abbiano temuto | temessero | avessero temuto |
Presente | Passato | |
---|---|---|
Io | temerei | avrei temuto |
Tu | temeresti | avresti temuto |
Egli/Ella | temerebbe | avrebbe temuto |
Noi | temeremmo | avremmo temuto |
Voi | temereste | avreste temuto |
Essi/Esse | temerebbero | avrebbero temuto |
Presente | |
---|---|
Io | / |
Tu | temi |
Egli/Ella | tema |
Noi | temiamo |
Voi | temete |
Essi/Esse | temano |
Presente | Passato |
---|---|
Temere | Avere temuto |
Presente | Passato |
---|---|
Temente | Temuto |
Presente | Passato |
---|---|
Temendo | Avendo temuto |
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Are you seeking a friendly and dynamic study environment ? I got what you need. I am looking forward to being in touch with new students and organize pleasant, interesting and fruitful courses.
Do you wish to learn or improve your Italian to speak with your parents or friends? Do you need Italian for work or study ? Do you simply love Italian language and culture ? Do you need to improve your writing skills ?
My classes are tailored on your needs and considering your level of knowledge, I create a proper course plan. Classes focus on language and on the possibility for you to improve your ability to speak and understand Italian in your daily life or in work.
I offer 1-to-1 or 2-to-1 tuition, general Italian courses (grammar, conversation, listening, reading and writing), preparation to Italian examinations (all levels, also Italian for residence permit) and Italian and culture courses.
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Daniela is a wonderful teacher and a pleasure to talk to. Any student would be lucky to have her as a teacher. Thank you Daniela for your help with my Italian!!!
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A presto!
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The lesson answered all my expectations. The conversation was fluent. Olivia was very sensitive to my goals. I thank her for this lovely experience. to be continued… 12 weeks later, and I am so satisfied and grateful. The lessons are lively and fun. to be continued...
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Since I learn languages myself, I know the difficulties and hurdles that can arise when learning a foreign language. I take away your fear of using the German language, because the best way to learn a language is to speak it!
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Hranush is a teacher with a lot of experience in teaching German. She has many materials and is well-structured!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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1 Conjugation of ricevere (to receive) in Italian | A lesson on the Italian verb ricevere (to receive) |
2 Conjugation of vendere (to sell) in Italian | This is a course about the conjugation of the verb vendere (to sell) in Italian. |