Causative verbs in Turkish
Exercises
Causative verbs are verbs that explain how a person or a thing makes something happen (verbs with an obligated indirect object like to make something, to get something,...). In Turkish, a causative verb is formed by adding a specific suffix to the verb.
Lesson Outline
HideThe causative verb form
The causative verbs are formed by adding the causative suffix after the verb root according to the vowel harmony rules:
Verb root + causative suffix + 'mek/mak'
| Causative suffixes | Verb | Causative verb form |
|---|---|---|
| -it, -ıt, -üt, -ut | korkmak (to be afraid) | korkutmak (to scare someone) |
| -ir, -ır, -ür, -ur | pişmek (to cook) | pişirmek (to cook something) |
| -er, -ar | gitmek (to go) | gidermek (to remove something) |
| -t | anlamak (to understand) | anlatmak (to make someone understand) |
| -dir, -dır, -dür, -dur, -tir, -tır, -tür, -tur | gülmek (to laugh) | güldürmek (to make someone laugh) |
Uses of the causative suffix
1. Forming the transitive verb starting from an intransitive verb
The causative suffix is used to form the transitive verbs (that takes an object) from the intransitive verbs (that take no object).
| Intransitive verb | Transitive verb |
|---|---|
| ölmek (to die) | öldürmek (to kill) |
| durmak (to stop) | durdurmak (to stop something/someone) |
| bakmak (to look) | baktırmak (to cause to look) |
- Intransitive : Kuş öldü. ->The bird is dead. (no object)
- Transitive: O kuşu öldürdü. ->He killed the bird. ('kuşu: the bird' is the object)
- Intransitive: Araba durdu. -> The car stopped. (no object)
- Transitive: Babam arabayı durdurdu. -> My father stopped the car. ('arabayı: the car' is the object)
- Intransitive: O bize baktı. ->He looked at us. (no object)
- Transitive: O Ayşe'yi bize baktırdı. -> He made Ayşe to looked at us. ('Ayşe'yi' is the object)
2. Saying "to get" and "to make" in Turkish
| Active verb | Causative verb |
|---|---|
| temizlemek (to clean) | temizletmek (get someone to clean) |
| silmek (to erase) | sildirmek (make someone erase something) |
| koşmak (to run) | koşturmak (make someone run) |
- Evi temizleyeceğim. (I will clean the house.) -> Anneme evi temizleteceğim. (I will get my mother to clean the house.)
- Onlar yazıyı silecekler. (They will erase the article.) -> Onlara yazıyı sildirecek. (He will make them erase the article.)
- Atlar koşuyor. (The horses are running.) -> Jokey atları koşturuyor. (The jockey make the horses run.)
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