Interrogative pronouns in Bulgarian
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The interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions, such as who and what. Some of them refer only to people and other - to objects
Interrogative pronouns can replace the noun in the sentence (person or object). In this case they are used on their own (without a noun).
Gender | Persons and objects | Only for persons | Only for objects |
---|---|---|---|
m. | кой who/what | кого whom | какво what |
f. | коя who/what | кого whom | какво what |
n. | кое who/what | кого whom | какво what |
pl. | кои who/what | кого whom | какво what |
Кой е това? | Who is this? |
Какво иска? | What does he want? |
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We can use most interrogative pronouns independently or as adjectives.
Какво мислиш? | What do you think? |
Каква музика прдпочиташ? | What kind of music do you prefer? |
When we use them as adjectives they go with the noun and agree in gender and number with it.
Gender | For attributes | In English |
---|---|---|
m. | кой | which |
f. | коя | which |
n. | кое | which |
pl. | кои | which |
Коя от тортите ми препоръчваш? | Which one of the cakes you recommend? |
We use "Кого" only when asking about the object of the sentence. Note that in everyday speech we use "Кой" instead of "Кого".
С кого ще се срещнеш? | Whom you will meet? |
С кой ще се срещнеш? | Who you will meet? |
Most people use only "На кой" to ask for possession, although "На кого" and "Чий" are the grammatically correct forms.
Gender | For possession | In English |
---|---|---|
m. | чий | whose |
f. | чия | whose |
n. | чие | whose |
pl. | чии | whose |
На кой е тази книга? | Whose is this book? |
На кого е тази книга? | Whose is this book? |
Чия е тази книга? | Whose is this book? |
We use "Какъв, каква, какво, какви" with a noun to ask "what kind of". In this case they agree with the gender and the number of the noun.
Gender | For quality | In English |
---|---|---|
m. | какъв | what kind of |
f. | каква | what kind of |
n. | какво | what kind of |
pl. | какви | what kind of |
Каква литература препочиташ? | What kind of literature do you prefer? |
Какъв тип мъже ти харесват? | What kind of men do you like? |
We can use "какъв, каква, какво, какви" with the verb "to be" to ask about nationality, profession, physical appearance and character.
Какъв е Джон? | What type of person is John? |
Какво работи? | What does he work? |
Какви очи има? | What eyes does he have? |
"Колко" corresponds to both "how many" and "how much". We use it separately or with noun, an adverb or an adjective.
Колко струва едно кафе? | How much is a cup of coffee? |
Колко кафета пиеш на ден? | How many cups of coffee so you usually drink? |
Колко далече живееш? | How far away do you live? |
Колко сладко да е кафето? | How much sugar do you want in your coffee? |
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