Gender of the Bulgarian nouns
Exercises
- Fill in the missing word in the correct gender Score -/-
- Choose the right gender exercise Score -/-
In the Bulgarian language the nouns have three grammatical genders - masculine, feminine and neuter. You can recognize them by the ending of the noun.
| Gender | Endings |
|---|---|
| m. | consonant |
| f. | -а/я |
| n. | - е/о |
1. Masculine nouns
Usually the nouns that have masculine gender end on a consonant or on -Й.
| един | |
|---|---|
| - consonant | сандвич |
| - й | чай |
Exceptions: As in every rule, there are some exceptions. There are some masculine nouns that end in a vowel.
| един баща | a father |
| един чичо | an uncle |
| един дядо | a grandfather |
| един съдия | a judge |
2. Feminine nouns
Usually, the feminine nouns end in -А or -Я.
| една | |
|---|---|
| -а | жена |
| -я | кухня |
Exceptions: the following nouns are of feminine gender, even though they end in consonant.
| една сутрин | morning |
| една вечер | evening |
| една нощ | night |
| една пролет | spring |
| една есен | autumn |
| една цел | an aim |
| една любов | love |
| една обич | fondness |
| една помощ | help |
| една кост | bone |
| една захар | sugar |
| една сол | salt |
There is one more group of exceptions in the Bulgarian nouns that end in -ост, -ест, -аст.
| - ост | |
| една радост | joy |
| една младост | youth |
| една старост | od age |
| една хубост | beauty |
| една глупост | nonsense |
| една нежност | tenderness |
| - ест | |
| една прелест | beauty |
| една свежест | freshness |
| една болест | illness |
| - аст | |
| една власт | power |
| една страст | passion |
| една възраст | age |
3. Nouns with neuter gender
The neuter gender nouns end in -Е or -О.
| едно | |
|---|---|
| -о | село |
| -е | кафе |
There are some words that have different endings but they still have a neuter gender. Usually they come from English language and are international words.
| едно такси | taxi |
| едно рали | rally |
| едно жури | jury |
| едно бижу | jewelry |
| едно меню | menu |
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