Present perfect tense in Bulgarian
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The present simple tense in Bulgarian is used to talk about:
an action thet happened in a non-specific time in the past, the results of which are evident in or affect the present.
Бил съм в Канада. | Bila sum v Kanada. | I have been un Canada. |
Купила съм хляб. | Kupila sum hlyab. | I have bought bread. |
Чела съм тази книга. | Chela sum tazi kniga. | I have read this book. |
In most cases the Bulgarian perfect tense is translated into English by the use of the present perfect tense (I have played)
Unlike in English, we can use the present perfect in Bulgarian when the time of the action is specified. In those cases it is translated into English by using past simple tense:
Виждал/а ли си го днес? | Vizhdal/а li si go dnes? | Did you see him today? |
Бил/а си в магазина тази седмица? | Bil/а li si v magazina tazi sedmitza? | Did you go to the supermarket this week? |
Купил/а ли си захар вчера? | Kupil/а li si zahar vchera? | Did you buy sugar yesterday? |
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With this tense we only tell that something have happened or we have done something, but we don´t specify when. The event happened at some point in the past but the information "when it happened" is missing or not important. However, there are some time markers that will help you use this tense correctly:
Някога | Nyakoga | Ever |
Никога | Nikoga | Never |
Explore the following examples:
Някога била/а ли си в Куба? | Nyakoga bil/a li si v Kuba? | Have you ever been in Cuba? |
Никога не съм/а била в КУба? | Nikoga ne sym bil/a v Kuba? | I have never been in Cuba? |
The present perfect tense is formed by using the present tense of the verb "to be" and the past participle of the main verb.
СЪМ (to be) + ходил/правил/живял (past partisiple)
the verb "СЪМ" ("to be") is usually placed before the pst prtisiple but if there is no other word before the past simple participle "СЪМ" ("to be") goes after it.
Аз съм ходила = Ходила съм.
+ | + | - | - |
---|---|---|---|
Аз съм ходил/а | I have walked | Аз не съм ходил/а | I have not walked |
Ти си ходил/а | You have walked | Ти не си ходил/а | You have not walked |
Той е ходил/а | He has walked | Той не е ходил/а | He has not walked |
Ние сме ходили | We have walked | Ние не сме ходили | We have not walked |
Вие сте ходили | You have walked | Вие не сте ходили | You have not walked |
Те са ходили | They have wlaked | Те не са ходили | They have not walked |
Ask questions using Present perfect tense
In Bulgaran language we use the question word "ли" to convert the sentence into a question.
+ | + | - | - |
---|---|---|---|
Бил/а ли съм? | Have I been? | Не съм ли бил/а? | Have I not been? |
Бил/а ли си? | Have you been? | Не си ли бил/а? | Have you not been? |
Бил/а ли е? | Has he been? | Не е ли бил/а? | Has he not been? |
Били ли сме? | Have we been? | Не сме ли били? | Have we not been? |
Били ли сте? | Have you been? | Не сте ли били? | Have you not been? |
Били ли са? | Have they been? | Не са ли били? | Have they not been? |
The word order of the reflexive verbs in the present perfect tense requires special attention - in 3rd person singular the reflexive participle "СЕ" is placed before the verb while in all other forms it come after it.
+ | + | - | - |
---|---|---|---|
Аз съм се върнал/а | I have returned | Аз не съм се върнал/а | I have not returned |
Ти си се върнал/а | You have returned | Ти не си се върнал/а | You have returned |
Той/тя се е върнал/а | He/she has returned | Той/тя не се е върнал | He/she has returned |
Ние сме се върнали | We have returned | Ние не сме се върнали | We have returned |
Вие сте се върнали | You have returned | Вие не сте се върнали | You have returned |
Те са се върнали | They have returned | Те не са се върнали | They have returned |
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Hello my Dear students! My name is Desislava and I am from Bulgaria. In 2017 I finished my Master`s thesis concerning foreign language students` motivation. It was a great and very interesting challenge for me to look for and find so many answers and helpful tips for me as a teacher on how to make my students` motivation bigger. Since 2014 to 2018 I was a teacher in English for the local university in my home town- Blagoevgrad. I am thankful to every single student that I have had so far because teaching is a process where the teacher and the students both give and take. I have learnt that patience is one of the biggest factors while being a learner and then a teacher. Before I became a teacher ,it is logical that I had been a student. I will always remember the best teachers that I had and I promised myself to try to be like them. I am currently taking care of my first child, so this is why I stopped working for the university. In me you can find not only a teacher, but also a good friend. We can share memories, good and bad happenings or whatever you like. Be free to contact me for English and Bulgarian lessons also! Everyone is more than welcome to ask me for help. I promise to give 100% and let the learning process begin! Thank you for reading my introduction, thank you in advance if you choose me as a teacher! See you! :)
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Desislava is really a kind and professional teacher that I recommend to everyone, I learned a lot with her and I'm still looking to learn more with her.
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Hello! My name is Deborah! I am a language instructor. I teach Italian, English and Bulgarian. I have more than 15 years teaching experience, both face-to-face and online to individual as well as to small and large groups. At the moment I am teaching Italian in a private school in Sofia, Bulgaria- where I lived for more than 10 years. I teach English to students ready to move to English speaking countries for work, and to students who need Еnglish for their career. I also prepare students for exams (KET, PET, FCE, CAE, CPE), and I offer language courses for communication and travelling purposes.
I attended the College (tourism) in Lucca-Italy. I have a diploma in Secretarial and Business Administration from the South Kensington and Chelsea Collage in London- (I lived in London few years ago). I have a TEFL certificate -grade A. and an ECL certificate in Bulgarian C1 with 96/100. Therefore, I have a good knowledge of how languages work and I can provide my students with helpful insight. Teaching is my passion, and I am constantly in search for new methods to help my students to get through the challenges and the difficults when learning a new language.
I am an enthusiastic, dedicated and adaptable teacher. I always use the communicative method in my teaching and I try to make my students feel comfortable by creating a funny and relaxed environment.
I hope to see you soon in one of my classes!
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Deborah s a great teacher! My grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation in Bulgarian have improved dramatically since I have started having lessons with her. Deborah is very highly recommended for studying a Bulgarian!
Deborah M.thank you very much!
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The lesson was wonderful, the teacher was immensely well prepared and the learning materials were very helpful.
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Hi there,
I am glad to meet you.
First of all, let me congratulate you on the decision to learn or improve a new language. In your case this is Bulgarian.
My country, Bulgaria, is a beautiful country with nice and hospitable people. It is an ancient land with a great history and rich culture. Having learned our language you will be able to get in touch freely with our good people and country.
I come from the town of Vidin, Bulgaria. I am a qualified English and Bulgarian teacher. I graduated back in 1972 from Sofia University with an MA in English Philology and Bulgarian Philology as a second subject. Since then I have spent most of my professional career teaching Bulgarian students.
First of all, we will have a 20-30-minute trial lesson during which we can get to know each other, set expectations towards the lessons and schedule the timetable. The next step is simple - we start learning the language of your choice!
Cannot wait to meet you and help you on your journey to learn Bulgarian.
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Today we did a translation of a Bulgarian text about bribery. Again it was a combination of new vocabulary, grammar (tenses) and a very interesting and up-to-date topic. I always learn a lot of additional stuff with Angel like phrase, grammatical exceptions and funny little stuff.
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Hello, I am Daniela, a qualified teacher of Bulgarian as a foreign language. I am originally from Sofia, Bulgaria. I have a passion for languages; I speak fluent English and Spanish, Czech and Slovenian. I have a very practical approach to languages. My method is very communicative and gives lots of initiative to the student - I teach through real-life situations and role plays, so my students start speaking from the first lesson. I am always interested to understand your motivation why learn Bulgarian and adapt fully to the needs and likes of each student. I make my lessons fun and enjoyable for every student, as I believe it is very important for the student to enjoy learning, and to be looking forward to the next class. Many times we discuss culture, traditions, history and all kinds of topics that the student is interested in, and in this way, progress comes much faster.
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I enjoy learning Bulgarian with Daniela. She has a very practical, communicative approach to teaching, we make a lot of conversation and this helps me to begin speaking Bulgarian with ease and more confidence. Besides she adapts to what I want to learn, brings topics and content of interest, and I have learned a lot about Bulgarian history and traditions in our lessons, too. I would definitely recommend her as a teacher. Many thanks !
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Hello, I am Daniela, a qualified teacher of Bulgarian as a foreign language. I am originally from Sofia, Bulgaria. I have a passion for languages; I speak fluent English and Spanish, Czech and Slovenian. I have a very practical approach to languages. My method is very communicative and gives lots of initiative to the student - I teach through real-life situations and role plays, so my students start speaking from the first lesson. I am always interested to understand your motivation why learn Bulgarian and adapt fully to the needs and likes of each student. I make my lessons fun and enjoyable for every student, as I believe it is very important for the student to enjoy learning, and to be looking forward to the next class. Many times we discuss culture, traditions, history and all kinds of topics that the student is interested in, and in this way, progress comes much faster.
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Dani is an amazing teacher! She is very approachable, flexible with your schedule, and responds quickly if you have any questions. She makes learning Bulgarian fun and chooses topics you are interested in. I feel more confident after each lesson with her. She is very patient with her students. Lastly, when we speak she is very friendly and always smiling. I 100 percent recommend her as a teacher.
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Hi there,
I am glad to meet you.
First of all, let me congratulate you on the decision to learn or improve a new language. In your case this is Bulgarian.
My country, Bulgaria, is a beautiful country with nice and hospitable people. It is an ancient land with a great history and rich culture. Having learned our language you will be able to get in touch freely with our good people and country.
I come from the town of Vidin, Bulgaria. I am a qualified English and Bulgarian teacher. I graduated back in 1972 from Sofia University with an MA in English Philology and Bulgarian Philology as a second subject. Since then I have spent most of my professional career teaching Bulgarian students.
First of all, we will have a 20-30-minute trial lesson during which we can get to know each other, set expectations towards the lessons and schedule the timetable. The next step is simple - we start learning the language of your choice!
Cannot wait to meet you and help you on your journey to learn Bulgarian.
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So far, I have had 23 classes with Angel. Communication has, from the beginning on, been very smooth. Angel is always super punctual and correct. What I enjoy the most are the more personalized classes. Angel got to know that I like to sing/play music so he taught me two Bulgarian songs. It was a nice challenge. I have almost no time to study for my classes but still I feel like I've improved quite a bit just by reading/translating/looking at the grammar and asking poor Angel way too many questions :).
Angel S.I am really pleased to teach such a motivated and keen learner as my student Eva. My lessons with her have been real fun and I always look forward to them. Thank you, Eva, for being my student!
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Guilbaud is really a kind and professional teacher that I recommend to everyone, I learned a lot and I'm still looking to learn more with her
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Hello, I am Daniela, a qualified teacher of Bulgarian as a foreign language. I am originally from Sofia, Bulgaria. I have a passion for languages; I speak fluent English and Spanish, Czech and Slovenian. I have a very practical approach to languages. My method is very communicative and gives lots of initiative to the student - I teach through real-life situations and role plays, so my students start speaking from the first lesson. I am always interested to understand your motivation why learn Bulgarian and adapt fully to the needs and likes of each student. I make my lessons fun and enjoyable for every student, as I believe it is very important for the student to enjoy learning, and to be looking forward to the next class. Many times we discuss culture, traditions, history and all kinds of topics that the student is interested in, and in this way, progress comes much faster.
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Daniela is an excellent teacher. The classes are very well organized and she is super friendly and professional. Thank you!
Daniela D.Thank you very much, Merce, for being my student. It's a pleasure to teach you :-)
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Hi there,
I am glad to meet you.
First of all, let me congratulate you on the decision to learn or improve a new language. In your case this is Bulgarian.
My country, Bulgaria, is a beautiful country with nice and hospitable people. It is an ancient land with a great history and rich culture. Having learned our language you will be able to get in touch freely with our good people and country.
I come from the town of Vidin, Bulgaria. I am a qualified English and Bulgarian teacher. I graduated back in 1972 from Sofia University with an MA in English Philology and Bulgarian Philology as a second subject. Since then I have spent most of my professional career teaching Bulgarian students.
First of all, we will have a 20-30-minute trial lesson during which we can get to know each other, set expectations towards the lessons and schedule the timetable. The next step is simple - we start learning the language of your choice!
Cannot wait to meet you and help you on your journey to learn Bulgarian.
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Always a pleasure to have my Bulgarian class with Angel. He is a very friendly person and a great teacher. His combination of Bulgarian lessons with Bulgarian songs is very fun and helpful for learning the language. Can definitely recommend him!
Angel S.Andy is one of the best students I have had in my long-lasting teaching career. He is not only a great student but a great guy and my lessons with him have been a really pleasant experience. Thank you, Andy!
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Hello! My name is Deborah! I am a language instructor. I teach Italian, English and Bulgarian. I have more than 15 years teaching experience, both face-to-face and online to individual as well as to small and large groups. At the moment I am teaching Italian in a private school in Sofia, Bulgaria- where I lived for more than 10 years. I teach English to students ready to move to English speaking countries for work, and to students who need Еnglish for their career. I also prepare students for exams (KET, PET, FCE, CAE, CPE), and I offer language courses for communication and travelling purposes.
I attended the College (tourism) in Lucca-Italy. I have a diploma in Secretarial and Business Administration from the South Kensington and Chelsea Collage in London- (I lived in London few years ago). I have a TEFL certificate -grade A. and an ECL certificate in Bulgarian C1 with 96/100. Therefore, I have a good knowledge of how languages work and I can provide my students with helpful insight. Teaching is my passion, and I am constantly in search for new methods to help my students to get through the challenges and the difficults when learning a new language.
I am an enthusiastic, dedicated and adaptable teacher. I always use the communicative method in my teaching and I try to make my students feel comfortable by creating a funny and relaxed environment.
I hope to see you soon in one of my classes!
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Deborah is an excellent teacher that understands how to teach adults and is able to design individual lessons that reflect the learner’s needs. She is professional, patient and has a deep knowledge of the Bulgarian culture and language. Deborah is aware of the importance of grammar to create a solid base for learning but her lessons always offer a constructive balance between the rules and a more fluid approach. I really enjoy the lessons and I feel my Bulgarian is improving; I can recommend Deborah to anyone that needs or wants to learn a language in a constructive and effective way.
Deborah M.Thank you very much Irma!
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Hello! My name is Emilia and I am an experienced language tutor and translator from/to Bulgarian, Spanish, English and Dutch. My biggest passion are foreign languages and I have passed this passion to many of my students throughout the years. Despite the fact I have a Master's degree in Economics and International Business and I've worked few years as an economist, my heart always takes me back to my teaching and translation jobs. With more than 15 years of teaching experience, a great level of patience and dedication to my work, and a great number of happy students, I am here to help you learn Bulgarian, Spanish and Dutch at your own pace and convenience. Hope to hear from you soon! Best regards, Emilia
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What I like about Emilia is that she goes with my flow.. I have all these questions and she patiently answers them. She is a good teacher and I love her enthusiasm and upbeat personality! I am very glad I picked her.
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Hello All,
It is nice to meet you and I would be more than glad to discuss your learning goals in a trail lesson of 30 minutes so we could know each other better. I have a level 3 award in Education by YMCA, where I have planned and delivered a lesson on the topic Bulgarian alphabet to English students. On the other hand I am currently finishing my study in Bulgarian Linguistics and Literature at the Sofia's university. I spent a few years in England where I have been a Learning assistant for ESOL classes, which is teaching English as a second language. I also have a degree from University of Sheffield in Business Administration.
Before starting the lessons we will have to do an assessment to see the level of the student. Once this is done and our goals are set, even if it is for a few lessons only, we will adapt the student centered methodology. The lessons will be interactive, with a participative style -grammar rules will be discussed, speaking , writing and vocabulary.
For English -Cambridge books
For Bulgarian- filmcards , cards with pictures and names in Bulgarian. Printed materials in regards to Bulgarian language.
Lessons will be delivered in English or/and Bulgarian.
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She is very patient and helpful teacher. After several hours, I already made some progress in recognizing cyrillic alphabets and bulgarian daily conversations. The price is very affordable as well.
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Hello, I am Daniela, a qualified teacher of Bulgarian as a foreign language. I am originally from Sofia, Bulgaria. I have a passion for languages; I speak fluent English and Spanish, Czech and Slovenian. I have a very practical approach to languages. My method is very communicative and gives lots of initiative to the student - I teach through real-life situations and role plays, so my students start speaking from the first lesson. I am always interested to understand your motivation why learn Bulgarian and adapt fully to the needs and likes of each student. I make my lessons fun and enjoyable for every student, as I believe it is very important for the student to enjoy learning, and to be looking forward to the next class. Many times we discuss culture, traditions, history and all kinds of topics that the student is interested in, and in this way, progress comes much faster.
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Daniela is a very good and accommodating teacher. She adjusts to the student and the students need and is very flexible in her teaching method. She has deep knowledge of Bulgarian language and is able to answer any question that I throw at her. I am not an easy student as I can speak some Bulgarian and I am constantly challenging her and she is always able to assist me improve. I recommend her completely for students who desire flexibility in learning.
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Hello! My name is Emilia and I am an experienced language tutor and translator from/to Bulgarian, Spanish, English and Dutch. My biggest passion are foreign languages and I have passed this passion to many of my students throughout the years. Despite the fact I have a Master's degree in Economics and International Business and I've worked few years as an economist, my heart always takes me back to my teaching and translation jobs. With more than 15 years of teaching experience, a great level of patience and dedication to my work, and a great number of happy students, I am here to help you learn Bulgarian, Spanish and Dutch at your own pace and convenience. Hope to hear from you soon! Best regards, Emilia
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She is very helpful, friendly and polite. Also her teaching technique is very good and understandable.
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