Past participle in English
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In this chapter the English past participle will be explained. The past participle is used to form many tenses.
Lesson outline
Hide- 1.How to form the English past participle?
- 1.1.Past participle of regular verbs
- 1.2.Past participle of irregular verbs
- 2.Usage of the English past participle
- 3.List of English past participles
- 4.Exercises
- 4.1.Practice the English past participle (regular verbs)
- 4.2.Practice the English past participle (irregular verbs)
- 4.3.Fill in the English past participle
How to form the English past participle?
The past participles in English are formed from verbs. How the past participle is formed, depends on whether the verb is regular or irregular.
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1) Past participle of regular verbs
To form the past participle of regular verbs, you have to add '-d' or '-ed' to the stem of the verb.
Stem of the verb + '-d' / '-ed'
Examples:
- to wait - waited
- to book - booked
- to learn - learned
2) Past participle of irregular verbs
The past participles of irregular verbs do not follow a certain pattern. These forms have to be memorized.
Examples:
- to eat - eaten
- to have - had
- to win - won
Usage of the English past participle
The past participle of English verbs is used in tenses. For example to form the present perfect tense, the past perfect tense and the future perfect tense. Besides that past participles can be used as adjectives in participle phrases.
| Situation | Example |
|---|---|
| The formation of the present perfect tense. |
|
| The formation of the past perfect tense. |
|
| The formation of the future perfect tense. |
|
| The past participle as an adjective in participle phrases. These participle phrases describes something in the main clause. |
|
List of English past participles
The table below shows some examples of the regular and irregular past participles in English.
| Verb | Past participle | Example |
|---|---|---|
| to eat | eaten | I had eaten salad before I went to the party. |
| to work | worked | You have worked at a pharmacy. |
| to become | become | She has become a doctor. |
| to break | broken | The broken window got fixed yesterday. |
| to buy | bought | I have bought fresh flowers at the market this morning. |
| to finish | finished | We will have finished the project before he comes back. |
| to catch | caught | Martina caught the ball during the game. |
| to freeze | frozen | He will be frozen when he gets home from playing in the snow. |
| to study | studied | Axel had already studied the Dutch language when he came to the Netherlands. |
| to grow | grown | She is a grown woman now. |
| to burn | burned | The burned food tasted horrible. |
| to play | played | He has played the piano yesterday. |
| to hide | hid/hidden | They have hid the treasure in the woods. |
| to pay | paid | We will have paid our debts by the end of this month. |
| to speak | spoken | She had spoken about him, before he entered the room. |
Exercises
- Practice the English past participle (regular verbs)
- Practice the English past participle (irregular verbs)
- Fill in the English past participle
Practice the English past participle (regular verbs)
Fill in the missing past participle of the English regular verbs.
Remember:
Stem of the verb + '-d' / '-ed'
I had my essay the day before. (to type)
They have together. (to walk)
The teacher had the question many times. (to repeat)
She has her slides to the powerpoint. (to add)
My brother has the door when I came home. (to open)
You had hard to accomplish that. (to work)
We have together since we moved to Spain. (to live)
My sister has her secret with me. (to share)
He had me when he came. (to text)
My grandmother had when I was not home. (to call)
Practice the English past participle (irregular verbs)
Fill in the missing past participles of English irregular verbs.
The cat had a mouse. (to catch)
My father has a treehouse for my brother. (to build)
The game had before we arrived. (to begin)
My brother had with a guy at school. (to fight)
I have him my homework. (to give)
The plants have a lot. (to grow)
She had that she had a day off on Wednesday. (to hear)
The manager had the group to a good result. (to lead)
The guy has my bike for the second time. (to steal)
The girls had in the ocean in January. (to swim)
Fill in the English past participle
Fill in the missing past participle of the English verbs.
Remember:
- Regular verbs: Stem of the verb + '-d' / '-ed'
- Irregular verbs: Do not follow a certain pattern.
They had for hours online. (to chat)
I had the button for the elevator. (to press)
My sister has my bag to school instead of hers. (to take)
She had her dishes before I came. (to wash)
The teacher has the answers on the blackboard. (to write)
They have the assignment before the class ended. (to finish)
The boss has many emails to his employees. (to send)
The police has my father's car before. (to stop)
He has it because he worked hard. (to earn)
The singer has my favourite song at the concert. (to sing)
Exercises
- Practice the English past participle (regular verbs)
- Practice the English past participle (irregular verbs)
- Fill in the English past participle
Practice the English past participle (regular verbs)
Fill in the missing past participle of the English regular verbs.
Remember:
Stem of the verb + '-d' / '-ed'
I had my essay the day before. (to type)
They have together. (to walk)
The teacher had the question many times. (to repeat)
She has her slides to the powerpoint. (to add)
My brother has the door when I came home. (to open)
You had hard to accomplish that. (to work)
We have together since we moved to Spain. (to live)
My sister has her secret with me. (to share)
He had me when he came. (to text)
My grandmother had when I was not home. (to call)
Practice the English past participle (irregular verbs)
Fill in the missing past participles of English irregular verbs.
The cat had a mouse. (to catch)
My father has a treehouse for my brother. (to build)
The game had before we arrived. (to begin)
My brother had with a guy at school. (to fight)
I have him my homework. (to give)
The plants have a lot. (to grow)
She had that she had a day off on Wednesday. (to hear)
The manager had the group to a good result. (to lead)
The guy has my bike for the second time. (to steal)
The girls had in the ocean in January. (to swim)
Fill in the English past participle
Fill in the missing past participle of the English verbs.
Remember:
- Regular verbs: Stem of the verb + '-d' / '-ed'
- Irregular verbs: Do not follow a certain pattern.
They had for hours online. (to chat)
I had the button for the elevator. (to press)
My sister has my bag to school instead of hers. (to take)
She had her dishes before I came. (to wash)
The teacher has the answers on the blackboard. (to write)
They have the assignment before the class ended. (to finish)
The boss has many emails to his employees. (to send)
The police has my father's car before. (to stop)
He has it because he worked hard. (to earn)
The singer has my favourite song at the concert. (to sing)
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Thanks Mei-Lin, it was a joy having you in class.
I am a BA in Education graduate, with vast experience in primary, secondary and higher education levels, as well as in other activities related to education. I believe I have a diverse background which makes me a very adaptable teacher and with a lot to offer.
Most of my experience is in high school ,in adult education and university students. I have been able to develop a good relationship with my students, which has translated to better communication and an altogether more rounded experience for them and myself. My lesson planning has always aimed to reflect my students’ needs and interest applied into useful communicative language structures that they can actually use in their lives.
In my last years as a teacher, I have focused on preparing test-takers for the TOEFL. It has been a completely different experience from what I have had before, but I have helped my students accomplish the desired scores in the proposed time.
I believe in making the learning of a new language something exciting and not frightening at all, but challenging and gratifying instead. My material is dynamic and keeps my students engaged and continuesly developing their communiation skills.
I am flexible with my students' time and shcedule; naturally, it is open for deliberation if needed. I look forward to helping you get to the desired goals you set foryourself!
M. .
Daniel is a wonderful teacher. He can deduce what the needs of each student are and make the class in an entertaining and enriching way. I definitely recommend this teacher!
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Hello! I am a CELTA-qualified native English teacher offering lessons carefully tailored to your needs. Learn by dynamic conversation exchange, written pieces, songs lyrics, podcasts, and fun and challenging exercises.
I have a bachelor's degree in Kinesiology and have been rock climbing for about 25 years. As an Italian language learner myself, I believe that talking about your passions is one of the most effective ways of mastering a new language. I look forward to hearing about your interests!
I offer a free 15-minute meeting to discuss your personal goals for learning. Let’s work together to bring you closer to those English language goals!
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Melissa R.
Hey everyone!
My name is Ashlyn, and I am a native English speaker from New Zealand :) I love to create lessons for my students to help them make their English language journey as enjoyable as possible! I am an online university student studying history and social anthropology.
I have two years of teaching experience in private English language schools, and I also have a CELTA certificate. Therefore, I know how to teach English effectively and create lessons to practice speaking, reading, writing, and listening skills.
I love to use technology in the classroom, and I always create fun and colourful PowerPoint presentations to guide us through the lesson. I am always open to suggestions from my students. If you want to focus more on certain topics or activities, I am happy to make that possible for you.
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She speaks very clearly and she uses her time very well. She plans the lessons based on your interests and make it very fun. She has very good energy and I recommend her to everyone..
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