English singular and plural nouns
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Singular nouns are used to refer or identify only one person, animal, quality, thing, place, or an idea. They provide the stem based on which a plural noun can be formed. Often the determiners "a", "an" or "the" are placed before them in a sentence.
Plural nouns are used to refer or identify more than one person, animal, quality, thing, place, or an idea. Through the use of the singular pronoun stem and several variations of suffixes, the plural nouns are formed.
The most common method to turn a singular noun into a plural noun is by adding an "-s" to them.
Singular | Plural |
---|---|
Rope | Ropes |
Climber | Climbers |
Bag | Bags |
Warning: However, there are exceptions to the rule that we will show you below.
If the singular noun end with either "f" or "fe" they are exchanged by "ve" prior adding the plural "-s".
Singular | Plural | Exceptions |
---|---|---|
Wife | Wives | Chefs |
Knife | Knives | Beliefs |
Wolf | Wolves | Roofs |
If the singular noun contains one of these endings there is an "-es" added after them to form their plural form.
Singular | Plural |
---|---|
Bus | Buses |
Glass | Glasses |
Dish | Dishes |
Blitz | Blitzes |
Tomato | Tomatoes |
Crutch | Cruches |
Box | Boxes |
If the singular noun ends with a "y" and the letter before it is a consonant it is replaced by "ies" to form the plural form. If the letter before it is a vowel you only need to add an "-s".
Singular | Plural |
---|---|
Baby | Babies |
Party | Parties |
City | Cities |
Kitty | Kitties |
Boy | Boys |
Toy | Toys |
If the singular noun ends with a "sis" it is replaced by "ses" to form the plural form.
Singular | Plural |
---|---|
Crisis | Crises |
Analysis | Analyses |
Diagnosis | Diagnoses |
Irregular nouns don't follow the same formula previously explained. You need to memorize them to avoid making mistakes. In the tables below are the most commonly used ones.
Singular | Plural |
---|---|
Person | People |
Man | Men |
Woman | Women |
Child | Children |
Foot | Feet |
Tooth | Teeth |
Mouse | Mice |
Datum | Data |
Goose | Geese |
In this case, the same word is used to describe both a singular and a plural noun. It needs to be understood from the context.
Singular and plural |
---|
Sheep |
Fish |
Deer |
Salmon |
Species |
In English, there are a few word exceptions that are only in plural form and have no singular form.
Nouns |
---|
Jeans |
Trousers |
Shorts |
Clothes |
Glasses |
Savings |
Stairs |
Scissors |
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My boy 11yo had very helpful and nice lessons with Federica, a first experience which it worths to repeat as soon as possible. Thanks to Federica.
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Hi! My name is Daniel. I'm 26 years old and I currently live in Seville, Spain. I have been teaching Spanish for 4 years now because I love to teach my language and culture to others. I'm interested in movies, especially french cinema of Nouvelle Vague, literature and music of all genres.
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My name is Monesh Nankoo. I am an I.T specialist/ Teacher. I am writing to show my keen interest for the position at your organization. I have completed my Bachelor's degree in Computer Science as well as my TEFL/ TESOL English master course. I do have several other qualifications in the field of I.T and logistics with are stated on my Resume.
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There’s nothing more satisfying than influencing and changing lives by sharing your knowledge and experience.
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I have been teaching for four years. As a copy-editor, I have been helping people improve their written English for over ten years (so yes, I can edit documents for you). Interviews: send me your CV and the job description and I will help you prepare.
Ready for certification? I will help you get ready for English language proficiency exams (TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, OET, C1 (CAE), C2 (CPE).)
We CAN meet free of charge (just book a FREE CHAT for 20 minutes) to discuss your learning needs/my teaching methods and to start talking.
It is useful if you take a quick online test to establish a starting point: https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/test-your-english/general-english/ Please let me know the results A1/2 B1/2 C1/2.
If you need to reschedule, please do so 24 hours in advance to avoid being charged.
NB If you are writing a test like IELTS or TOEFL 'in a month or two' and you need to obtain a minimum score to enter a university, remember that according to education bodies like British Council and Cambridge English, it takes an average of 120-130 lesson hours to move from one level or band to the next. So with 'one or two' months, you need to already be at B2 or Upper Intermediate level to start preparing.
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