English alphabet
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In this chapter the English alphabet will be explained. How many letters does the alphabet have? What does the alphabet look like? And how is the pronunciation of the different letters?
The English language uses the Latin alphabet in its core and consists of 26 letters. It is vital to learn the alphabet as foundation for the learning of any language.
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The table below shows you a list of all the letters of the English alphabet in capital or small letters, their individual pronunciation and how they sound when used in a word.
Capital letters | Small letters | Letter pronunciation | Pronunciation examples |
---|---|---|---|
A | a | [ei] | Apple |
B | b | [bi] | Bus |
C | c | [si] | Cut |
D | d | [di] | Dinner |
E | e | [i] | Enjoy |
F | f | [ef] | Fox |
G | g | [gi] | Garden |
H | h | [eich] | Hunter |
I | i | [ai] | Irregular |
J | j | [jei] | Jewerly |
K | k | [kei] | Kind |
L | l | [el] | Leprechaun |
M | m | [em] | Mirror |
N | n | [en] | New |
O | o | [ou] | Old |
P | p | [pi] | Prison |
Q | q | [kiu] | Quarterly |
R | r | [ar] | Reason |
S | s | [es] | Singular |
T | t | [ti] | Traveler |
U | u | [yu] | Usual |
V | v | [vi] | Vegetarian |
W | w | [dobeliu] | Wanted |
X | x | [ecs] | Xenophobia |
Y | y | [uái] | Yellow |
Z | z | [cet] | Zero |
When do you use a capital letter in English? The following table shows an overview of the rules of capitalization in English.
Rule | Example |
---|---|
1. You write a capital letter at the beginning of the sentence. | He likes to play soccer. |
2. Capitalize the first word in quotations. | She said, 'That is not fair.' |
3. You write a capital letter for proper nouns: names of people, specific places, companies, and things. | I moved to Spain last January. |
4. Titles of persons get a capital letter when they replace the use of a name or before a name. | Sincerely, Prince Harry |
5. Capitalize directions that refer to specific regions. | I live in Northern Spain. |
6. Names of books, movies and other publications get a capital letter. | The Hunger Games |
7. Capitalize days, months and holidays. | Her birthday is in July. |
8. Capitalize cities, nationalities, countries and languages. | They are German. |
9. Some time periods and events get a capital letter. | World War II was a dark period in the history. |
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Hi everybody,
My name is Barbara.
I used to live in Ireland, in the UK, in Spain and I live in Italy now. I have spent much time in the USA and Scandinavia as well. I have been flying around the world as a flight attendant for approx. 13 years.
I am also a qualified tour guide, a qualified ENGLISH TEACHER (teaching at various schools, flight schools and universities) and an AVIATION ENGLISH RATER/EXAMINER.
I love teaching and I believe it is really important to learn foreign languages, to get to know different nations, cultures in order to have a better idea of the world. English can be a key to open a new world for you and eliminate the barriers you have at the moment.
Oh! and I've almost forgotten to tell you:
I'm an ITALIAN TEACHER too
IN CASE your problem is not the English language, but you have a problem when you need to order a good PIZZA, CAPPUCCINO or some delicious SPAGHETTI during your stay in ITALY or you need to get ready for an internship or you want to learn ITALIAN for any other reason, I can teach you and help you improve your ITALIAN!
Are you still hungry and you want to keep filling your stomach in HUNGARY? I can also give you some HUNGARIAN LESSONS from beginner to advanced level! (of course if you like Goulash- Gulyàs, I can give you the original recipe!)
If you think you need ENGLISH, ITALIAN and/or HUNGARIAN for your goals and dreams, get in touch and we can plan some lessons for you.
TEFL/TESOL qualified English Teacher
168 hours Tefl Org, Scotland, UK
40 hours Tefl Online Teaching, Tefl Org, Scotland, UK
30 hours Tefl Online Teaching, Tefl Institution, Ireland
TEFL/TESOL Online Teaching Practicum, Tefl Org., Scotland, UK
AVIATION ENGLISH RATER/EXAMINER, Mayflower College of English, Plymouth, UK
AVIATION ENGLISH RATER/EXAMINER, Lenguax, London, UK
I can teach you Conversational English, Business English, Prepare you for an exam or teach English to your kids. Or/and we can do all these in ITALIAN and HUNGARIAN too!
Hope to see you soon in class.
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I’m very happy with my teacher! Barbara is so kind, helpful and she has a lot of knowledge to share. She is preparing me for some English exams, it is going quicker and better than I expected. Thank you so much!!!!!!!!
Barbara B.
![]()
Thanks so much for the kind words Em! It takes two. You really put your heart and mind to your goal. Very well done. Keep up the good work and you will see the results. See you in class :-)
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My name is Julija Mihalova. I’m an enthusiastic Russian language tutor with over 12 years experience. I have a degree in Translation. I also have a certificate from Moskou University to teach Russian as a foreign language.
These individualized lessons will help you achieve the necessary level of Russian in the shortest possible time.
I will be happy to help you :
· learn Russian vocabulary for everyday life and traveling
· learn Russian for professional purposes, the broader job opportunities
· reach the A1/A2/B1/B2/C1 level Russian of the Common European Framework
· if you are someone who is curious about a different culture; OR wants to keep your brain active and fit by giving it an excellent workout.
As your tutor, I will focus on your preferences and provide you with an individualized learning program.
Regardless of the level at which you start, you will be able to communicate in Russian from the very first lesson. I will help you to understand grammar and reading; to enrich your vocabulary, speaking and listening skills through life communication fun games; and will provide activities to help the lessons ‘stick’.
The materials of each lesson will be provided in a visual, easy to perceive, form.
I am a friendly, professional and committed tutor and you will be assisted and supported as you progress along your individual learning curve.
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Julija has over more than 20 years of teaching experience. She teaches to all ages and levels from A1 to C2. She has lots of interactive learning materials. You'll surely feel comfortable in her classes!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Hello!
I'm Elena and I am here to support your learning journey while having interesting and funny conversations. My intention is to teach with kindness and positive energy using creative and entertaining approaches based on your needs and interests. I love teaching kids and youngsters: I will bring my puppets and my magic box full of surprises!
About me:
I am a friendly, energetic person who enjoys cooking (and eating), spending time in nature, going to places and dancing. I seek to learn new things and celebrate the small moments of every day.
Going frequently abroad on Erasmus Projects and volunteering for an NGO in Romania and Slovenia has given me the opportunity to embrace the diversity and beauty of different cultures. All these experiences have shaped my journey and took me to amazing places. If you are curious about traveling, volunteering, ways to give back to the community, healthy living, we can definitely integrate that in our lessons!
Me as a teacher
With a degree in Romanian and English Language and Literature and a Teacher Formation I will adapt my teaching methods to your learning style and celebrate your progress every step of the way! As a former kindergarten teacher, I will receive you with patience and empathy, opening a space for you to feel supported, listened to and cared for. Beyond the process of sharing information, I believe it is about the connection and the
environment we create together.
During the 1st session, we will talk about your intentions, goals and your current language level. I am happy to work with beginner learners, as well as advanced speakers. I can help you develop your conversation skills for everyday use, integrating grammar and vocabulary in a fun and effective way. I can also give you guidance for academic work, job interviews, writing skills.
Teaching materials: Flashcards, Virtual Treasure Hunts, Games, Quizzes, Puppet Show
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Elena has experience in teaching to children and adults. She is very flexible, she adjusts her classes to you and your needs. Furthermore, all her teaching methods are very inactive. She can teach English to all levels from A1 to C2. You'll surely learn a lot from her!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Laurie has been working since 2016. She teaches French from the levels A1 until C1. Her learning materials are very interactive, games, quizzes, videos etc. You will surely learn a lot from her!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Hello! My name is Ivana and I come from Serbia.
I am a med student, also I am an active Red Cross volunteer. I worked with both children and adults. If you need some help with reading, listening, writing or speaking in Serbian or English, feel free to contact me. I am looking forward to meeting you. :)
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She is a kind girl , professional and will give you attention and everything you need . Was a great lesson.
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Recently, the health situation has prompted me to leave my home country and start a professional retraining. Passionate about English since childhood, I chose to do the TEFL Course to be able to teach the language. Having just graduated with distinction, I would now like to move on to the next step of my apprenticeship : Teaching.
My first lessons will be based on the PPP method or Presentation-Practice-Production. This method consists, first of all, in presenting or having people guess the target language before giving learners the opportunity to practice it through controlled activities. During the last step of the lesson, students have the opportunity to produce the language in freer activities.
I will try, as much as possible, to give my students a way to discover the target language for themselves, based on their existing knowledge. Also, since the practice of a foreign language requires oral comprehension, my lessons will be entirely given in English.
My classes are open to everyone!
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Clément is a new teacher and is eager to help you learn English. He specializes in teaching the levels A1 until B2. He is patient and structures his class according to the PPP (Presentation, Practice, Production) Method. You are guaranteed to learn a lot from him!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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I am an English teacher from Liverpool in England. I have been teaching around the world in countries that include Indonesia, Malaysia, Belgium, Taiwan and Spain.
I now teach English and Geography in a secondary school in Liverpool but retain my passion for teaching EFL by doing online lessons. I am a lively, dynamic and well organised teacher, and I like to provide stimulating lessons where communication is the main goal.
I want to target my lessons so they give you, the student, exactly what you are looking for. My experience means I can give classes in conversation, all levels of English, academic or exam classes or Business English. I have learnt several languages myself and I have found that speaking is the best way to learn, so I employ the communicative method in teaching, but set homework assignments and give written feedback outside the lessons.
Book a free trial lesson and we can have a chat, find out about you and what your goals are in learning English. Hope to see you soon!
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Andy is a very good teacher. I love his commitment and his way to teach me a better use of the English language. I like his reviews and summaries of the last lesson - they help me to think again about the topics we have discussed. I recognize my English is becoming more confident and more fluent.
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Hi everyone!
My name is Abigail Sosa. I'm a Mexican student living in Belgium at the moment. I study Speech-Language Pathology at the University of Ghent and I teach Spanish aside.
I started teaching Spanish almost 5 years ago and as a result of this, I fell completly in love with language education and speech.
I have worked with children, teenagers and adults (also students with ADHD of Autism) in groups of levels or in private classes. My teaching methods always vary depending of the student that I have because not everyone learns at the same manner nor at the same rythm; with some students you need to work slower and with others faster; some students are more visual, others are more auditory or others are more verbal. However, I always teach the four elements that are crucial in order to master a language which are: Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking.
How do I do this?
With a previously planning of the class. This means choosing the activies, the topics or exercices to work during the class. They could be a video, a text or exercices of gramatica among others. Alongside we use, of course, a book: Aula Internacional. I share all the material via GoogleDrive.
My classes are very relaxed and I am very flexibel. The important thing is to enjoy what we are learning! I hope we see each other very soon, and please, don't hesitate to contact me in case you have more questions.
Greetings and a big hug dear future students,
Abi
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Abigail has 4 years of teaching experience and is a native speaker from Spain. She is very enthusiastic and eager to help you learn Spanish! She teaches to all levels (A1-C2). You'll sure feel comfortable in her presence.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Hi, welcome to my profile!
My name is Alessia and I currently live in Italy. I spent a few years in the United States where I deepened my knowledge of English and American dialects. I am currently specializing in Spanish and German. Over the years, I have given private lessons in Italian, English, Spanish, and Japanese, with Japanese being the most requested at the moment. Regarding Japanese, I had the opportunity to teach the language at an American college with a native Japanese teacher, applying the method that they use to learn their own language. I will help you in a simple way; conversation is really important for learning a language, and a good method is even more fundamental. No days spent on textbooks are needed; consistency and fun during lessons are the most important parts of learning. You will see results right away! I am patient, flexible, and will adapt in every way to your personal needs. I look forward to seeing you on my profile for a trial lesson and discovering an easy and fun method to learn a language as soon as possible.
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The teacher is always on time and uses perfect learning materials to learn the language. Very prepared in what she teaches and in the way she does it; very useful lessons!
Alessia T.
Thank you Hilary!
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My way of teaching is based on my over 30 years of experience. After spending many years providing my students with a lot of grammar rules I decided to start providing them with the necessary tools that support them in breaking down both linguistic and psychological barriers, improving their confidence, building the correct communication code of the language thus lowering frustration and increasing motivation.
My students are happy with such method as they enjoy each and every lesson and never feel under pressure.
I want English to be learnt naturally with the right commitment but with no frustration.
I love my job and I am totally committed to what I do, while continuously working on new material and on finding the best way to keep my students engaged.
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Patricia has over 30 years of teaching experience. She is very passionate about her job and is eager to help you study. She is very kind and patient. Furthermore, she has written her own English book and teaches very interactive classes.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Let me help you improve your English for any purpose. I am a native English speaker with a Master's degree in English, a Bachelor of Science degree and a CELTA teaching qualification.
I have been teaching for four years. As a copy-editor, I have been helping people improve their written English for over ten years (so yes, I can edit documents for you). Interviews: send me your CV and the job description and I will help you prepare.
Ready for certification? I will help you get ready for English language proficiency exams (TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, OET, C1 (CAE), C2 (CPE).)
We CAN meet free of charge (just book a FREE CHAT for 20 minutes) to discuss your learning needs/my teaching methods and to start talking.
It is useful if you take a quick online test to establish a starting point: https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/test-your-english/general-english/ Please let me know the results A1/2 B1/2 C1/2.
If you need to reschedule, please do so 24 hours in advance to avoid being charged.
NB If you are writing a test like IELTS or TOEFL 'in a month or two' and you need to obtain a minimum score to enter a university, remember that according to education bodies like British Council and Cambridge English, it takes an average of 120-130 lesson hours to move from one level or band to the next. So with 'one or two' months, you need to already be at B2 or Upper Intermediate level to start preparing.
For B2-C2 level students who enjoy photography: Would you would like to improve your English conversation and your photography? In a typical lesson, you will show me your latest photos and describe how and why you took them. Then we will discuss how photos are assessed in photographic competitions and, if necessary, we can go over the essentials of using a digital camera (although it's perfectly fine if you use your mobile phone to take photos).
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Mary is a very experienced and patient teacher. She prepared well before class and did various exercises in class. After class, she sent me always materials of the lesson. I have noticed my improvement in grammar and pronunciation.
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MERHABA :)
Hello! I am Omer, a teacher of both English and Turkish living and working in Lithuania.
My hometown is Antalya and I am a native speaker of Turkish. I speak proper and clear Istanbul Turkish (this is the most common dialect of Turkish) If you're looking for a teacher who's devoted, attentive, and fun, you've come to the right place. I never come to a class empty-handed and always make sure my students are engaged, entertained, and learning. Whatever your level in Turkish (or English), I can provide you with a casual, open environment where you feel comfortable experimenting with the language you're learning. Hoping to see you soon! :-)
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Ömer is an experienced teacher who speaks multiple languages. He teaches to people of all ages and levels (A1 to C2.) He is very organized and has lots of learning materials.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Have you always dreamed of becoming an expert in the English language? Now you can!
I am a sworn translator and have more than 15 years of experience. Together with me you will be a near native speaker in no time!
My name is Wendy and I have been working as a sworn translator and reviser in the English and Dutch language for more than 15 years. In addition, I occasionally help students and pupils with their lessons, young and old.
Would you also like to become a language professional? Or do you just want to be able to get by in the English or Dutch language, and especially want to practice speaking? Then you're in the right place with me. I would be happy to help you!
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Wendy is an enthusiastic new teacher. She is very patient and has a passion for the languages she teaches. She has lots of useful learning materials, and you will certainly feel welcome in her class.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Hi everybody,
My name is Barbara.
I used to live in Ireland, in the UK, in Spain and I live in Italy now. I have spent much time in the USA and Scandinavia as well. I have been flying around the world as a flight attendant for approx. 13 years.
I am also a qualified tour guide, a qualified ENGLISH TEACHER (teaching at various schools, flight schools and universities) and an AVIATION ENGLISH RATER/EXAMINER.
I love teaching and I believe it is really important to learn foreign languages, to get to know different nations, cultures in order to have a better idea of the world. English can be a key to open a new world for you and eliminate the barriers you have at the moment.
Oh! and I've almost forgotten to tell you:
I'm an ITALIAN TEACHER too
IN CASE your problem is not the English language, but you have a problem when you need to order a good PIZZA, CAPPUCCINO or some delicious SPAGHETTI during your stay in ITALY or you need to get ready for an internship or you want to learn ITALIAN for any other reason, I can teach you and help you improve your ITALIAN!
Are you still hungry and you want to keep filling your stomach in HUNGARY? I can also give you some HUNGARIAN LESSONS from beginner to advanced level! (of course if you like Goulash- Gulyàs, I can give you the original recipe!)
If you think you need ENGLISH, ITALIAN and/or HUNGARIAN for your goals and dreams, get in touch and we can plan some lessons for you.
TEFL/TESOL qualified English Teacher
168 hours Tefl Org, Scotland, UK
40 hours Tefl Online Teaching, Tefl Org, Scotland, UK
30 hours Tefl Online Teaching, Tefl Institution, Ireland
TEFL/TESOL Online Teaching Practicum, Tefl Org., Scotland, UK
AVIATION ENGLISH RATER/EXAMINER, Mayflower College of English, Plymouth, UK
AVIATION ENGLISH RATER/EXAMINER, Lenguax, London, UK
I can teach you Conversational English, Business English, Prepare you for an exam or teach English to your kids. Or/and we can do all these in ITALIAN and HUNGARIAN too!
Hope to see you soon in class.
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I’m very happy with my teacher! Barbara is so kind, helpful and she has a lot of knowledge to share. She is preparing me for some English exams, it is going quicker and better than I expected. Thank you so much!!!!!!!!
Barbara B.
![]()
Thanks so much for the kind words Em! It takes two. You really put your heart and mind to your goal. Very well done. Keep up the good work and you will see the results. See you in class :-)
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My name is Julija Mihalova. I’m an enthusiastic Russian language tutor with over 12 years experience. I have a degree in Translation. I also have a certificate from Moskou University to teach Russian as a foreign language.
These individualized lessons will help you achieve the necessary level of Russian in the shortest possible time.
I will be happy to help you :
· learn Russian vocabulary for everyday life and traveling
· learn Russian for professional purposes, the broader job opportunities
· reach the A1/A2/B1/B2/C1 level Russian of the Common European Framework
· if you are someone who is curious about a different culture; OR wants to keep your brain active and fit by giving it an excellent workout.
As your tutor, I will focus on your preferences and provide you with an individualized learning program.
Regardless of the level at which you start, you will be able to communicate in Russian from the very first lesson. I will help you to understand grammar and reading; to enrich your vocabulary, speaking and listening skills through life communication fun games; and will provide activities to help the lessons ‘stick’.
The materials of each lesson will be provided in a visual, easy to perceive, form.
I am a friendly, professional and committed tutor and you will be assisted and supported as you progress along your individual learning curve.
Reviews
Teaching methodology
Communication
Punctuality
Internet connection
Learning materials
Julija has over more than 20 years of teaching experience. She teaches to all ages and levels from A1 to C2. She has lots of interactive learning materials. You'll surely feel comfortable in her classes!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Hello!
I'm Elena and I am here to support your learning journey while having interesting and funny conversations. My intention is to teach with kindness and positive energy using creative and entertaining approaches based on your needs and interests. I love teaching kids and youngsters: I will bring my puppets and my magic box full of surprises!
About me:
I am a friendly, energetic person who enjoys cooking (and eating), spending time in nature, going to places and dancing. I seek to learn new things and celebrate the small moments of every day.
Going frequently abroad on Erasmus Projects and volunteering for an NGO in Romania and Slovenia has given me the opportunity to embrace the diversity and beauty of different cultures. All these experiences have shaped my journey and took me to amazing places. If you are curious about traveling, volunteering, ways to give back to the community, healthy living, we can definitely integrate that in our lessons!
Me as a teacher
With a degree in Romanian and English Language and Literature and a Teacher Formation I will adapt my teaching methods to your learning style and celebrate your progress every step of the way! As a former kindergarten teacher, I will receive you with patience and empathy, opening a space for you to feel supported, listened to and cared for. Beyond the process of sharing information, I believe it is about the connection and the
environment we create together.
During the 1st session, we will talk about your intentions, goals and your current language level. I am happy to work with beginner learners, as well as advanced speakers. I can help you develop your conversation skills for everyday use, integrating grammar and vocabulary in a fun and effective way. I can also give you guidance for academic work, job interviews, writing skills.
Teaching materials: Flashcards, Virtual Treasure Hunts, Games, Quizzes, Puppet Show
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Elena has experience in teaching to children and adults. She is very flexible, she adjusts her classes to you and your needs. Furthermore, all her teaching methods are very inactive. She can teach English to all levels from A1 to C2. You'll surely learn a lot from her!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Laurie has been working since 2016. She teaches French from the levels A1 until C1. Her learning materials are very interactive, games, quizzes, videos etc. You will surely learn a lot from her!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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