Auxiliary verbs in German
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In German the auxiliary verbs are:
All three auxiliary verbs are irregular! To see their conjugation, have a look at the following chapters about conjugation of haben, werden and sein.
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Auxiliary verbs are used to build the folowing tenses:
Tense | Construction (in general) | Example | Translation |
---|---|---|---|
Perfekt (Indikativ) | Indikativ Präsens of haben (or sein) + Partizip Perfekt of the full verb | Du hast einen Kuchen gebacken. | You have baked a cake. |
Plusquamperfekt (Indikativ) | Indikativ Präteritum of haben (or sein) + Partizip Perfekt of the full verb | Du hattest einen Kuchen gebacken. | You had baked a cake. |
Futur I (Indikativ) | Indikativ Präsens of werden + Infinitiv Präsens of the full verb | Du wirst einen Kuchen backen. | You will bake a cake. |
Futur II (Indikativ) | Indikativ Präsens of werden + Infinitiv Perfekt of the full verb | Du wirst einen Kuchen gebacken haben¹. | You will have baked a cake. |
Perfekt (Konjunktiv I) | Konjunktiv I Präsens of haben (or sein) + Partizip Perfekt of the full verb | Du habest einen Kuchen gebacken. | You would have backed a cake. |
Futur I (Konjuktiv I) | Konjunktiv I Präsens of werden + Infinitiv präsens of the full verb | Du werdest einen Kuchen backen. | You would have baked a cake. |
Futur II (Konjunktiv I) | Konjunktiv I Präsens of werden + Infinitiv Perfekt of the full verb | Du werdest einen Kuchen gebacken haben. | You would have baked a cake. |
¹ We also need the auxiliary verbs haben and sein to build the Invinitiv Perfekt.
We use the auxiliary verb werden also to build the passive form in German.
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1 Conjugation of haben (to have) in German | All Conjugations of the German auxiliary verb "haben" |
2 Conjugation of werden (to become) in German | All Conjugations of the German auxiliary verb "werden" |
3 Conjugation of sein (to be) in German | All Conjugations of the German auxiliary verb "sein" |