French demonstrative pronouns - celui, celle, ceux
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Demonstrative pronouns (French: les pronoms démonstratifs) usually stand alone and do not attend a noun. In general they are commonly used instead of a noun to point out certain people or things.
In the French language we can differ between:
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Masculine | Feminine | |
---|---|---|
Singular | celui | celle |
Plural | ceux | celles |
The simple form (French: les formes simples) is used if:
1. the demonstrative pronoun is followed by a relative pronoun.
In this context it can mean the one, the ones, he (she) who, these or those.
2. the demonstrative pronoun is followed by de.
In this connection it intends to show posessions.
Please note that ce is always used in the singular fotm. even if the following verb is used in the plural form.
Masculine | Feminine | |
---|---|---|
Singular | celui-ci | celle-ci |
celui-là | celle-là | |
Plural | ceux.ci | celles-ci |
ceux-là | celles-là |
The compound form (French: les formes composées) is being used if the simple form cannot be used.
To differ between this one, that one and these, the additional suffixes -ci (this) and là (that) are being applied.
Celui-ci can be replaced by ce dernier and celui-là by le premier.
The indefinite demonstrative pronouns refer to a whole word group or sentence. In French we differ between the following three different indefinite forms: ce, ceci, cela (ça)
Ce (c') is mainly used with the verb être but sometimes also with the verbs aller, devoir and pouvoir.
It's used with the verb être:
1. before a noun that is modified.
2. before a proper noun.
3.before a pronoun.
4. before a superlative.
5. before an infinitive.
6. before an adverb.
7. as a neuter subject.
Note that ce is used to represent something that has preceded whereas the pronoun il is used to announce something that follows.
The indefinite demonstrative pronouns ceci and cela (ça) are being used to replace an indefinite expression or an idea. Ça is utilized for a more familiar and informal style. Cela is used when the expression has already been metioned while ceci aims to introduce the expression.
Keep in mind that like celui-ci and celui-là, ceci refers to the closest thing mentioned and cela to the farthest thing.
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Hello,
I am a multilingual teacher with experience in teaching French to German, Japanese, English, Bulgarian and Italian-speaking students, etc. (levels A1 to C1).
I have been teaching French for 8 years in Luxemburg and now in Bulgaria for 4 years, to teenagers, housewives, businessmen, employees, doctors, etc. I can also help you with DELF and DALF preparation. I give lessons via Skype, Zoom and Microsoft Teams in several countries.
My teaching method for each class : a grammar point together with listening, a lot of speaking with conversation questions or games. While you speak, I write all the new words you need to express yourself, illustrated by pictures or translated in your language.
I do my best to make you feel comfortable to speak and for you to have a pleasant time. According to me, using humour will help you learn more easily.
Whether you need to learn French for business, integration in a French-speaking country or studying, I will be happy to help you. Do not hesitate to contact me for a free trial lesson.
Looking forward to hearing from you,
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Bonjour! Veux-tu apprendre français? ou l'améliorer?
My classes are structured according to my students' needs, I use different teaching methods and I rely on listening each of my students' expectations and goals. Dynamism and constant learning are my purposes in my classes.
I have worked as a French teacher for more than ten years.
I have academic studies in English and French from Montréal, Canada, where I lived for several years. I have a Bachelor in Teaching French as a foreign language from the Université de Bourgogne.
I learned French at an early age in immersion in a French-speaking region and I studied French formally for 11 years, obtaining a native level.
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Hello,
I am a multilingual teacher with experience in teaching French to German, Japanese, English, Bulgarian and Italian-speaking students, etc. (levels A1 to C1).
I have been teaching French for 8 years in Luxemburg and now in Bulgaria for 4 years, to teenagers, housewives, businessmen, employees, doctors, etc. I can also help you with DELF and DALF preparation. I give lessons via Skype, Zoom and Microsoft Teams in several countries.
My teaching method for each class : a grammar point together with listening, a lot of speaking with conversation questions or games. While you speak, I write all the new words you need to express yourself, illustrated by pictures or translated in your language.
I do my best to make you feel comfortable to speak and for you to have a pleasant time. According to me, using humour will help you learn more easily.
Whether you need to learn French for business, integration in a French-speaking country or studying, I will be happy to help you. Do not hesitate to contact me for a free trial lesson.
Looking forward to hearing from you,
Katia
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